Zimbabwe iri kuramba ichishushikana nedambudziko revanhu vari kuitira tsvina munzvimbo dzisiri zvimbuzi, kana kuti open defecation, hurumende pamwe nenyanzvi mun zvehutano vachibvumirana vose kuti nyika inofanirwa kuita muonera pamwe chuma chemuzukuru kupedza dambudziko iri, iro rinonzi ririkuramba richiunza zvirwere zvakadai sezvemanyoka.
Gwaro rinotarisa mararamiro evanhu munyika rakaburitswa gore rino neZimbabwe Livelihoods Assessment Committee, (ZimLAC) re ZimLac 2024, rinoratidza kuti dambudziko rekusashandiswa kwezvimbuzi rakakwira kubva pazvikamu makumi maviri nezvitanhatu kubva muzana muna 2023 kuwsvika pazvikamu makumi maviri nezvisere kubva muzana gore rino ra 2024.
Vachitaura svondo rapera pamusangano wemapazi ehurumende akasiyanasiyana anoona nezvekushambidzika nekuwaniswa kwemvura yakachena (Wash Sector Working Group), sachigaro veWASH National Committee, VaTinayeshe Mutazu, vakati kuramba nyika ichinetsekana nezvirwere zvemanyoka mucherechedzo wekusamira zvakanaka kwezvinhu munyaya dzehutsanana.
VaMutazu vakati zvakabuda mugwaro reZimLac zvinoratidza kuti huwandu hwevasiri kushandisa zvimbuzi munyika gore rino hwakakwira zvichienzaniswa negore rapera.
“Tichine basa senyika munyaya dzehutsanana kana takatarisa mugwaro reZimLac ra2024 iro rinoratidza kuti huwandu hwevanhu vanoitira tsvina musiri muzvimbuzi hwakakwira kubva pa26 percent muna 2023 kuenda ku28 percent muna 2024. Mumadhorobha huwandu uhwu hwe 2.8 percent vasingashandisi zvimbuzi hunoshungurudza,” vanodaro VaMutazu.
Vakati zvakakosha kuisa misoro pamwe chete kugadzirisa dambudziko rehutsanana, vachitiwo hurumende iri mushishi rekuwanisa vanhu mvura yakachena kumaruwa pamwe nekubatsira mumaguta akaita seHarare neBulawayo kugadzirisa matambudziko ekushaikwa kwemvura nekufambiswa kwemvura dzine tsvina.
Gwaro reZimLac remamiriro akaita zvinhu kumaruwa iri rinoratidza kuti matunhu akaita seBinga, Kariba, Chiredzi neLupane ndiwo ane nzvimbo dziri pamusoro pakusashandisa zvimbuzi.
Gwaro reZimLac riri pamusoro pemamiriro akaita zvinhu mumaguta nemadhorobha rinoratidzawo kuti Mazowe-Mvurwi, Gweru muguta, neZvishavane mudhorobha ndidzowo nzvimbo dzine huwandu hwakanyanya hwevasiri kushandisa zvimbuzi.
Mukuru weHarare Institute of Public Health, Doctor Amos Marume, vanoti kupararirawo kwezvirwere zvemanyoka zvakadai sekorera kumamisha mucherechedzo wekuti dambudziko rekushaikwa kwezvimbuzi richiriko kumamisha.
Dr Marume vanoti zvakakosha kuti vanhu vawaniswe dzidziso yezvakakoshera kushandisa zvimbuzi pamwe nekuti hurumende iise zvirongwa zvinosiya veruzhinji vane zvimbuzi kumaruwa.
"Kurudziro yatinayo yekuti vanhu vawane dzidziso yekuti kusashandisa zvimbuzi kune njodzi kunyanya kumamusha kwekuti tinowana mvura dzedu mumatsime anogona kunge asina kuvharika idzidziso ichiri kudiwa. Panodiwawo zvirongwa zvinokurudzira kuti zvimbuzi zviwande kumaruwa vanhu vakawanda vashandise zvimbuzi zvinotidzivirira kune zvakawanda kunyanya zvirwere zvemanyoka,” VaMarume vanodaro.
Mukuru weCommunity Working Group on Health, VaItai Rusike, vanoti zvinoshungurudza kuti huwandu hwevanhu vasiri kushandisa zvimbuzi huri kukwira munyika pane kuti hunge hudereea, vachiti kumiswa kwechirongwa chehurumende chaiwanisa vagari vekumaruwa samende (cement) yekuvakisa zvimbuzi kwadzosera shure kuvakwa kwezvimbuzi kumaruwa.
“Makarekare vanhu vekumamisha vaipiwa rubatsiro rwezvinhu zvakadai sesemende iye ozotsvakawo zvidhina nabhiridha izvo zvakaita kuti musha wega wega makare kare uve une chimbuzi. Asi tirikuona kuti nekuti vanhu havasi kupiwa rubatsiro urwu tikuona kuti munhu anotovaka imba yekubikira nekuvata asi pasina chimbuzi.”
VaRusike vanotiwo dambudziko revanhu vanozvibatsira vasiri kushandisa zvimbuzi iri rave kukurawo mumadhorobha nemumaguta nekuda kwekushaikwa kwemvura yekushandisa muzvimbuzi nekusavepowo kwezvimbuzi munzvimbo dzinosangana veruzhinji.
"Zvimbuzi vanogona vainazvo mudzimba asi nekuda kwekushaikwa kwemvura zvakare vanhu varikuita dambudziko rekupedzisira vaenda kunozvibetsera kumatondo ari pedyo nekwavanogara ikoko,” VaRusike vanowedzera vachidaro.
Mukuru weHarare Residents Trust, VaPrecious Shumba, vanotiwo zvakakosha kuti veruzhinji vanzwisise kuti kushandisa zvimbuzi kunodzikisa dambudziko rezvirwere zvemanyoka, vakakurudzirawo makunzuru nehurumende kuwawanisa vagari vemumadhorobha mvura yakakwana.
"Idambudziko rinoda kugadziriswa asi vanhu vanodawo kuramba vachipiwa chenjedzo, vachipiwa dzidziso uye vapiwa voratidza kuti vazvinzwisisa kuburikidza nekuzviita mukati medzimba dzavo vachiitawo hutsanana,” VaShumba vanodaro.
VaShumba vakurudzirawo kuti zvimbuzi zviri munzvimbo dzinosangana veruzhinji, zvikuru mumaguta nemadhorobha, hazvifanirwi kuvharwa munguva dzeusiku vachiti izvi ndizvo zvimwe zviri kuzotuma vanhu kuti vazvibatsire munvzvmbo dzisina kukodzera.
Mukuru weCommunity Water Alliance, VaReuben Akili, vanotiwo zvakakosha kuti hurumende iwanise makanzuru mari dzekuvandudzwa kwematunhu kuitira kuti mari idzi dzishandiswe mukusimudzira nyaya dzehutsanana nekuwaniswa kwemvura.
“Itarisiro yedu kuti mari dzekuvandudzwa kwematunhu dzisvike kumakanzuru nenguva uye dzakati wandei kuitira kuti dzibatsire kuti mabasa ekanzuru makuru akadai sekugadzirisa michina nepombi dzinofambisa tsvina zviitwe.”
Sangano reWorld Health Organization rinoti kusavepo kwehutsanana hwezvimbuzi kunokonzera ndufu dzemanyoka dzinodarika zviuru mazana mana nemakumi matata nezviviri pagore.
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